Key takeaways:

• According to the Presidium of the Higher Arbitrazh Court of the Russian Federation, the state and other public entities may not be considered as affiliates of other persons.
• Rulings of the Presidium of the Higher Arbitrazh Court of the Russian Federation are binding on all arbitration courts of the Russian Federation.
• Previous arbitration court decisions issued upon similar facts but on different interpretation of law may be reconsidered on the “revision due to newly exposed facts” procedure.